<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qureshi, Bilal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamiran, Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karim, Asim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvatore Ruggieri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dino Pedreschi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causal inference for social discrimination reasoning</style></title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Intelligent Information Systems</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020/04/01</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10844-019-00580-x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425 - 437</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1573-7675</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The discovery of discriminatory bias in human or automated decision making is a task of increasing importance and difficulty, exacerbated by the pervasive use of machine learning and data mining. Currently, discrimination discovery largely relies upon correlation analysis of decisions records, disregarding the impact of confounding biases. We present a method for causal discrimination discovery based on propensity score analysis, a statistical tool for filtering out the effect of confounding variables. We introduce causal measures of discrimination which quantify the effect of group membership on the decisions, and highlight causal discrimination/favoritism patterns by learning regression trees over the novel measures. We validate our approach on two real world datasets. Our proposed framework for causal discrimination has the potential to enhance the transparency of machine learning with tools for detecting discriminatory bias both in the training data and in the learning algorithms.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>